美国斯坦福大学今年毕业典礼，邀请了艾美奖得主、知名的历史纪录片导演肯 • 伯恩斯（Ken Burns）演讲，他在20多分钟的演讲中，告诉了我们一生中最应该做，也一定要坚持的10件事。

苏格拉底说，教育，不是灌输，而是点燃火焰。让孩子们永葆好奇心和热情，热爱科学和艺术，坚持阅读和旅行，做最想做的事，过最想过的生活，成为最想成为的人，这也许才是教育真正的意义。爸爸妈妈们，请让我们牢记这10件事，并且让我们的孩子们也一样，能够创造出自己独一无二的人生。
 

1. 不要否定一个人 。Try not to make the other wrong.
就像我否定某位候选人（暗指总统候选人川普）一样。但可以否定一件事。
as I just did with that “presumptive” nominee. Be for something.

2. 保持好奇心，不要装酷。Be curious, not cool.
每天都要喂养你的灵魂。别将成功与优秀混淆。也不要只执着于某一专业。全能发展，你会更发展得更健康。不要把自己限制在书本堆里，那只是工具，是手段，但不是终点。
Feed your soul, too. Every day. Don’t confuse success with excellence. Do not descend too deeply into specialism either. Educate all of your parts. You will be healthier. Free yourselves from the limitations of the binary world. It is just a tool. A means, not an end. 

3. 寻找并追随人生导师，并听他们的建议。Seek out – and have – mentors. Listen to them.
拥抱这些新点子。咬下比你能吞下的更多的东西。
Embrace those new ideas. Bite off more than you can chew.

4. 旅行。Travel.
不要泥足于一个地方。逛逛我们的国家公园，它们表面上的壮丽，也许会令你感到自我的渺小；但大自然高深莫测的内涵，会令你发现自己的伟大。你会受到启发，你的自我主义会消失，同时你的自我价值会提升。
Do not get stuck in one place. Visit our national parks. Their sheer majesty may remind you of your own “atomic insignificance,” as one observer noted, but in the inscrutable ways of Nature, you will feel larger, inspirited, just as the egotist in our midst is diminished by his or her self-regard. 

5. 阅读。Read.
时至今日，书本仍然是人类制造的最伟大的工具——不是电视或智能手机。
The book is still the greatest manmade machine of all – not the car, not the TV, not the smartphone.

6. 生儿育女，这是在你生命中所能发生最美好的一件事。Make babies. It’s the best thing that can happen to you.
意味着你有更重要的人需要去担心。我是说真正的担心、真正为除了你自己以外的人而担心。这令人解放和振奋。我是说真的，不信去问问你的父母。
One of the greatest things that will happen to you is that you will have to worry – I mean really worry – about someone other than yourself. It is liberating and exhilarating. I promise. Ask your parents.

7. 不要失去你的热情。Do not lose your enthusiasm. 
“热情”这个英文字源自古希腊文，其字面的意义就是“上帝在我们之中”。
In its Greek etymology, the word enthusiasm means simply, “God in us.”

8. 报效你的国家。Serve your country.
提醒你的政府：真正的危机会持续不断地临到这块我们所爱的土地上。
Insist that we fight the right wars. Convince your government, as Lincoln knew, that the real threat always and still comes from within this favored land. Governments always forget that.

9 . 坚持热爱科学与艺术，尤其是艺术。Insist that we support science and the arts, especially the arts.
科学帮助我们捍卫国家，艺术使我们的国家值得捍卫。
They have nothing to do with the actual defense of our country – they just make our country worth defending.

10. 永远相信。Believe
在我为我的第一部纪录片《布鲁克林大桥》采访阿瑟•米勒（Arthur Miller，已故剧作家，玛丽莲梦露前夫）时，他告诉我：“永远要相信你也能做出些美丽的东西流传于世。”
As Arthur Miller told me in an interview for my very first film on the Brooklyn Bridge, “believe, that maybe you too could add something that would last and be beautiful.”